Legislating Reproductive Rights: The Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act of 2003 :: Politics Political Research Papers

Administering Reproductive Rights: The Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act of 2003 Theoretical While no government enactment presently exists constraining access to premature births when all is said in done, in 2003, the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act turned into the main bit of bureaucratic enactment to control a specific fetus removal technique. This particular system, referred to in the clinical network as flawless expansion and extraction, is a technique used to end late-term pregnancies and is at times the most secure strategy for doing as such. Since the ban’s sanctioning, it has been tested and vanquished in government court multiple times because of its unclear language which can be translated to infringe upon the central right to premature birth. Moreover, the boycott has been seen as an illegal infringement of built up case law relating to explicit fetus removal methods because of its unclear language and absence of a wellbeing exemption to ensure the woman’s prosperity. This paper additionally presents inquire about proposing that the genuine purpose o f the boycott is to dissolve the fundamental sacred option to pick and that decisions against the boycott ought to be maintained. Presentation The Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act of 2003 professes to confine a particular fetus removal methodology known as flawless enlargement and extraction (D&X), which is in some cases the most secure strategy for prematurely ending late-term pregnancies. Numerous variables add to the requirement for late-term premature births and the outcomes of denying fetus removal can be adverse to a woman’s prosperity. Confining a particular methodology would restrain safe alternatives accessible to ladies and their primary care physicians. In spite of the fact that the option to get an early premature birth has been built up as a principal freedom, this Act utilizes ambiguous language that could reach out to different types of fetus removal performed before in a pregnancy and neglects to incorporate a special case to safeguard the woman’s wellbeing. This paper will coordinate past choices in regards to premature birth with a precise depiction of the enlargement and extraction methodology so as to exhibit how the Act’s absence of lucidity may bring about its application to various techniques. Subsequently, it is a planned endeavor to dissolve the privileges of ladies. Ladies merit the option to pick what befalls their bodies, particularly when practically 50% of every spontaneous pregnancy, about 1.31 million every year, are ended by premature birth (â€Å"Overview†). To endeavor to boycott a particular technique utilizing ambiguous language may by chance stretch out to unavoidably ensured types of fetus removal, importantly impinging on our established rights, ignoring appropriate case law and imperiling women’s prosperity.

Deregulation Act of 1978 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Deregulation Act of 1978 - Essay Example The Airline Deregulation Act’s aim was to stop government command over aircraft industry arrangements. The control was significantly over courses, passages, and market section of new carriers from business avionics. The legislature affirmed this Act on 24th October, 1978 and President Jimmy Carter marked it into law four days after the fact (Kaps, 1997). Prior to the Act, the industry was all the more an open utility with an administration organization. The CAB; Civil Aeronautics Board decided the courses taken by every aircraft and the costs they charged their travelers. This has changed since the time after the fuse of the Act which has seen the market move to a market â€driven industry. The client request decided the degree of administration and value charge. The deregulation Act dropped by after a few imperfections in the aircraft business. One of them was the Middle Eastern oil case; this prompted an ascent in cost of fuel costs. This shoot up in fuel cost prompted value expansion. Another imperfection was the improvement of the wide body airplane that took into account carriage of expanded ability to various and numerous courses with one flight. These two cases came when there was a monetary fall that prompted a strain on the aircrafts. This fall prompted disappointment in the carrier organizations, and rising fuel costs didn't help the circumstance by any stretch of the imagination. The Civil Aeronautics Board because of this circumstance and attempting to guarantee sensible return for the aircrafts permitted the various transporters to build charges. It additionally set out on a multi year suspension by the bearers on approving new administrations and affirmed understandings among the aircrafts to confine the carriage limit on explicit courses. The general population didn't greet this move wholeheartedly the tolls had expanded. The carriers likewise didn't see a lot of progress on the Civil Aeronautics Board last choice as through the 1970’s their income were poor regardless of the

12 Things Youre Doing Every Day that Can Be Automated

12 Things Youre Doing Every Day that Can Be Automated Running your own business is, most of the time, pretty damned hard work and consequently, time consuming. And I’m not just talking here about managing daily administrative tasks and keeping track of your employees’ work schedule, or monitoring your expenses and handling customer complaints. I’m talking about all those “little things” that you must perform day in and day out, and that can take hours out of your working timetable. Automating redundant activities (such as emails, presentations, meeting notes, etc.) can free up valuable time so you can focus on those things that you’re really passionate about, such as finding new creative ways of helping your customers, spending more time at the beach with your family, or watching the newest episode of Game of Thrones (Im not going to ask which one comes first). Fortunately, there’s a huge range of web-based tools out there that you can use to automate your business processes and boost your company’s productivity (as well as your own). Here are 12 things that you can automate to make the most out of your working day: Creating a Presentation in 1…2…Ready! The first things that come to mind when someone mentions creating a presentation are, most likely, PowerPoint or Prezi. Yet for novices, these tools might seem a bit too complex, and it may take hours until you can actually figure out what you’re trying to do and get all your ideas organized. MindMeisterâ€"actually a brainstorming toolâ€"offers a unique method of creating good-looking, dynamic presentations with just a few clicks. “In one single map you brainstorm topics, add media and formattings, create your slides and even present them live to your collaborators.” It’s just that easy! Email-Free, Team-Focused Communication Yes, you read it right: no emails. Slack came into my life at exactly the right time. My team was growing and it was getting more and more difficult to manage email communication with a larger number of people. Slack is my communication with people at my company alone, all in one place, instantly searchable and accessible. It lets you organize team conversations into separate private or public channels as well as drag, drop and share all sorts of files while automatically indexing and archiving them. According to a company survey, “Slack users saw 48.6% fewer internal emails and held 25.1% fewer meetings after installing and using the app, leading to a 32% overall increase in productivity”. What are you waiting for? Ditch your email service and never look back! If You  Cant Say Goodbye to Emails Though… So you’re too fond of your email and you’re not quite ready to part with it just yet. Emails, if  used  correctly, can still save you precious time and provide you with valuable data. The very first thing you can do is to automatically set up your email client to create email templates (aka Canned Responses if youre using Gmail) and customized signatures so you won’t have to write emails from scratch every single time. Still Posting to Social Media Sites Manually? Stop Now. Keeping your brand active on social media can easily be a full-time job: posts after posts, updates after updates, it all requires a constant eye on. Tools like Buffer or Hootsuite or even editorial calendars like CoSchedule let you schedule and automate your social media posts well in advance so that you don’t need to sit at your desk every time you need to manually post something. You can also manage dozens of social media accounts in one place, assign certain accounts to a colleague, or monitor what people say about you. Let the News Come to You Don’t waste precious time browsing through hundreds of news that happen daily. There are media collection systems that you can use which learn your reading habits and only gather the articles that you really want to read. Other apps like Zolt or Circa, recently resurrected, allow you to sort through the news and send you concise coverage straight to your smartphone. Alternatively, you can subscribe to services such as TheSkimm, which sends a skimmed version of global news to your inbox every morning. Computer Back-Ups Start scheduling your computer back-ups automatically. This way you will never forget to do it, your data is safe and you won’t get any interruptions or slowdowns to your daily working routine. Scanning Documents You can speed up scanning documents with apps like Scanbot or CamScanner that let you instantly scan documents such as notes, receipts or invoices from your mobile device and then manage, sync, update and share them no matter where you are. You can also directly select a document and fax it to over 30 countries. Self-Updating Contact Book How many times did it happen to you that you tried to contact a business partner or a friend, only to find out that their number is no longer the same and working? Let’s be honest, usually, you update your address book AFTER it already happened. What if your contacts could update their contact information directly in your address book? Crazy, right? No, Addappt is already on it and lets your saved contacts do just that. “I Don’t Wanna Miss a Thing…” If you’re like me, chances are that you have your work phone and laptop, your personal phone and laptop, and maybe a tablet when on the go. Needless to say you can easily get lost in the amount of incoming messages. There’s a new app in town for those who use more than one device. Pushover smartly organizes messages and notifications from all your devices in one common space. It basically sends push messages to any smartphone and places your messages in one unified inbox, making it a good choice for the stay-connected-all-the-time entrepreneur. All Your Travel Info in One Place I travel a lot. Chances are I’m on a business trip every other week. Since I can’t afford a personal assistant to handle all my travel plans for me (yet!), I’ve started using TripIt, an app which manages all your travel information, regardless of where you bought your ticket from. All you need to do is forward all your travel emails to the app and it will create a master itinerary that you can access at any time and on any device. ASAP Proofreading of Your Documents Unless you’re a writer yourself or you’ve already got one hired, editing and proofreading documents can be a hassle, especially if the clock is ticking on that particular project. There are a few apps out there such as Grammarly, an online platform that corrects grammar mistakes, catches contextual spelling errors and poor vocabulary usage. Simply upload your document onto their site or download a browser extension to make proofreading of any text automatic. Easily Fill in Online Forms I don’t know about you, but I’m not a big fan of filling in forms online. Some of themâ€"subscribing to emails or signing up for an online serviceâ€"can be quite long and take up time I don’t have. Technology such as Roboform saves us once more by allowing you to store data like name, address, billing information, etc., on your computer and use it automatically to fill in forms. There’s no greater and more satisfying sight than an already pre-filled form. This is a guest post by Sergiu Bancos. Sergiu is a senior writer with a passion for web and technology, consciousness and spirituality. Hes on a mission to make it easier for people to understand and use technology for a better life.

Annotated Bibliography College Tuition - 1697 Words

Ben Jauquet Brooke Dyer English Comp 82813 November 7 2014 Annotated Bibliography: College Tuition Ayres, Ian. Why Californias Tuition Hike Might Be a Good Thing. Freakonomics RSS. Freakonomics, 23 Nov. 2009. Web. 07 Nov. 2014. According to this article the gap in college has become larger as of late because of students financial situations. Public universities cost on average one forth of private universities. The wealthier students benefit from this because of the way financial aid operates. When the tuition cost are raised it benefits the poorer students because financial aid will pick up the difference having almost no difference in what they are paying without aid. This intern makes up for the wealthy students who will most†¦show more content†¦Many middle to lower class families cannot afford to send their kids to school and with Ivy League schools like Harvard and Princeton giving out generous financial packages to their student, who mostly come from wealthy background. The poorer students are on the losing end because they are not given the opportunity for aid. As Terry Hartle, the senior vice president of the American Council of Education, says, Smart poor kids go to college at the same ra te as stupid rich kids. What this is saying is that the wealthy families have vastly more opportunity to succeed in the college system even though they have equal or lesser smarts. Well respected schools such as NYU are now admitting students based on the financial fit not by merit. Through this recent recession the gap for financial aid has become increasingly large due to the fact that colleges are basing some of their applications by their financial situation. This in turn creates widening on lower to middle class families who cannot send their children to school because the cost are too great to bear with large amounts of financial aid. The wealthy students are not only being accepted to these pricy private universities but are being given grant and aid so that they can make it through. The poorer students are not even given the chance to attend those school not because of their brain but because of their lack of funding. In today’s society were the upper class has become very distant to the middle andShow MoreRelatedFree Education Should Be Provided At Public Institutions874 Words   |  4 PagesAnnotated Bibliography THESIS STATEMENT: Free education should be provided at public institutions in order to promote and encourage students to gain the education they need to survive in today’s economy. Jeje, B., Rodriguez, B. (2016). Why free higher ed can’t wait. Dollars and Sense, 323,5-8 Retrieved from http://eds.a.ebscohost.com.lib.kaplan.edu/eds/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid =5b00db8e-d3d7-4c31-8816-315c3b2c6f4d%40sessionmgr4002vid=3hid=4103 Dollars and Sense is a non-profitRead MoreMoving Towards Baccalaureate Prepared Nurses1060 Words   |  5 Pagesnurses are unable to afford tuition, books, fees, and supplies. In 2008, the tuition alone cost roughly $28,000 for state residents and $93,000 for non-residents at the University of Washington (Lee, n.d.). An Ivy League school, such as the University of Pennsylvania, charges approximately $150,000 while a hospital-affiliated nursing school requires $55,000 for residents and $100,000 for non-residents (Lee, n.d.). Still more expensive than lower-division courses, tuition for upper-division classesRead MoreEssay on Comparative Education Project1269 Words   |  6 PagesEngland: concerned about the education of poor boys. ï‚ § 1066  Norman invasion: French replaced English as vernacular medium for teaching Latin. ï‚ § 1096  Oxford: evidence of teaching. ï‚ § 1209  Cambridge: scholars arrived from Oxford. ï‚ § 1249  Oxford: University College established, followed by Balliol 1260, Merton 1264. History 1300-1800 ï‚ §    ï‚ § 1384  Grammar school opened at Wotton-under-Edge, Gloucestershire: first chantry school. ï‚ § 1382  Winchester founded: independent school. ï‚ § 1540  Dissolution of the monasteriesRead MoreEducation Debt: The Problem and Solutions Essay1125 Words   |  5 PagesWith the ever-increasing tuition and ever-tighten federal student aid, the number of students relying on student loan to fund a college education hits a historical peak. According to a survey conducted by an independent and nonprofit organization, two-thirds of college seniors graduated with loans in 2010, and each of them carried an average of $25,250 in debt. (Reed et. al., par. 2). My research question will focus on the profound effect of education debt on American college graduates’ lives, and myRead MoreInternet Gambling is Affecting the Lives of Many684 Words   |  3 PagesAnnotated Bibliography on Internet Gambling Brown, Stuart J. The Surge in Online Gambling on College Campuses. New Directions for Student Services 2006.113 (2006): 53-61. Print. Retrieved February 25, 2014. http://web.b.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=453a0229-2511-46c3-9499-6a133a2aa892%40sessionmgr198vid=5hid=112 This article summarizes how the growth of internet gambling is affecting the lives of many college students. It does this by explaining that once people reach collegeRead MoreThe Story Of My Search1366 Words   |  6 Pagesdecision to take on this big challenge. She viewed the challenge as a journey for herself, and for all nineteenth century women (Stevenson). Achieving her Journey. Elizabeth Blackwell knew that the tuition for medical school was going to be very expensive. To help pay for her medical school tuition, she found a job working as a piano teacher at an all girls school in North Carolina, and began saving her money (Stevenson). After two years, Elizabeth moved to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. ThereRead MoreFinancial Support for Mens and Womens Athletics: Gender Discrimination1399 Words   |  6 Pagesto address this and many other questions regarding the advancement of financial support to female and male athletics. Financial Support for Mens and Womens Athletics It has been argued in some quarters that the number of men participating in college athletics is much higher than that of women participating in the same. This can in one way or the other be taken to mean that women are less interested in athletics than their male counterparts. In such a case, advancing equal financial support toRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography1469 Words   |  6 PagesAnnotated Bibliography Tyre, Peg. The Writing Revolution. The Atlantic. The Atlantic, Oct. 2012. Web. 20 Feb. 2013. The writing Revolution is written by Peg Tyre, who is the director of strategy at the Edwin Gould Foundation. He describes an education reform the occurred at Dorp High School, a school which otherwise may have been closed due to poor academic performance. The schools leader, Deirdre DeAngelis, drastically reformed the school’s curriculum and teaching methodologyRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography1923 Words   |  8 PagesFebruary 1, 2014 Annotated Bibliography Carlson, Scott. Is College Worth It? 2 New Reports Say Yes (Mostly). Chronicles of Higher Education. 60.11 (2013): A25. Web. 1 Feb. 2014. . Scott Carlson, a talented writer studied English Literature in college and then went on to win first prize for beat reporting from the National Education Writers Association. Not long after in 1999, he joined the Chronicle of Higher Education. While here he wrote a scholarly journal article, â€Å"Is College Worth It? 2 NewRead MoreBe Patient For Parking Space1872 Words   |  8 PagesYuemeng (Lena) Zhao Professor Nava ENGLISH 1B 13 NOV 2015 Be Patient for Parking The shortage of parking space in America s college is becoming an extremely concerned problem. This parking issue is highly impacting students campus life. Many college students, even faculties, and visitors find that it is hard to park on campus, especially at some busy times. The situation is that students would encounter parking is so scarce, and they have to wait for somebody to leave and take their spots

The Creation And Collapse Of Unified German Empire

The period of one hundred years spanning from the mid-nineteenth century to the mid twentieth century was one hundred years of monumental change. It saw the end of American slavery, the creation and collapse of unified German Empire, the creation of Eastern European nation states that emerged from the wreckage of the Austro-Hungarian Empire only to fall to the Soviet Union within a few decades, two world wars, the invention of cars and their erasure of horses from everyday transportation, the development of nuclear weapons, and the novel concept of photographs become televisions in the home of the average American family. This period of radical change was made possible by men who saw the possibility of changing the world and perused it. Regimes fell, borders were redrawn, and from the ranks of revolutionaries the leaders who would create new orders rose. Those with innovative ideas, creativity, and the right combination of skills and resources created the material goods that shaped t hese crucial years. But as the world progressed at an alarming rate, there were those who wished to preserve the traditions and values of the past. This desire existed even among the same minds who brought about the revolutions of the era, and they found themselves struggling to find the middle ground between these two different objectives. Among them were American automobile manufacturer Henry Ford, Mexican President Profirio Diaz, and the Turkish President Mustafa Kamal. While the latter twoShow MoreRelatedEuropean Nations that Were Formed Due to Nationalist Ideas1643 Words   |  7 Pagesare today. Before about the middle of the nineteenth century Europe consisted of various regions ruled by dynastic empires. These monarchies had absolute power over their subjects and there was no sense of nationalism or the idea of betterment of the general population. Various social and technological changes helped pave the way for ideas of nationalism. Although the idea of the creation of the nation state began with the advent of the French Revolution but it took more than a century for the ideasRead MoreThe Conflict Between Ethnic Minorities And Native Citizens1494 Words   |  6 Pagescase study is that Germany has one of the most complicated and nuanced history of nationalist identity. While still lagging behind political representation in several other European democracies, more ethnic minorities and immigrants have entered the German territory in 2013 than ever before.   With one of the most complex historical formations of identity, Germany has undergone dramatic change in national narrative.  From insisting that Germany was not a country of immigration throughout the 1990s toRead MoreLocated Between Russia And The West, East Central Europe1458 Words   |  6 PagesLocated between Russia and the West, East Central Europe is an area that has constantly been caught in turmoil, usually because of the two geographical areas that it lies between. It was born only after the creation of Western and Eastern Europe, its livelihood dependent upon both regions geopolitical boundaries, East Central Europe is thought to be a buffer for the two. However, since the fall of the Soviet Union this region has sought economic growth through democratization, market economies, andRead MoreGermany : The German Problem1418 Words   |  6 PagesEllie Smith Dr. Faegri POSC 344.03 September 5, 2014 Part One: Key Terms The German Problem: The German Problem occurred prior to World War I, when Germany’s neighboring states feared the fast-growing economy and expansion of Germany after Otto Van Bismarck had unified it. Germany posed a threat to the rest of Europe because it had the potential to dominate empires that had controlled Europe for centuries. The â€Å"German Problem† is significant because it was never resolved. The Versailles Treaty tookRead MoreNationalism As A Cause Of World War I1477 Words   |  6 Pagespatriotism, fueled the actions of many countries heading into World War I. Before the war, nationalism had swept through the world, most notably playing a role in other important events in history such as the French Revolution and demise of the Ottoman Empire. Nationalism bound many European nations together through a mutual sharing of language, literature, culture, art, desires for economic power, and ethnic or religious superiority. Such patriotic passion eventually spread into the United States,Read MoreTaking a Look at the Ottoman Empire892 Words   |  4 PagesAfter the end of World War I in 1918, a huge sea change in the geopolitical landscape happened. With what seemed like one fell swoop, the â€Å"Age of Empire† was swept away as the German Empire, Tsarist Russia, the Austro-Hungarian Empire and the Ottoman Empire disintegrated. For some it seems that the decline of the Ottoman Empire was the most expected of all of them, having been characterized as â€Å"The Sick Man of Europe† for centuries after its near-domination of the Middle East and large parts of EuropeRead MoreAn Overview of the Greek and Roman Empire1654 Words   |  7 Pagesin making weapons had been established on the large island of Crete, southeast of Greek mainland. The First Greek State was the Mycenae. Mycenaean comes from Mycenae a fortified site in Greece that was first discovered by German archeologist Heinrich Schliemann. After the collapse of Mycenaean civilization Greece entered a difficult period in which the population declined and food production dropped. Homer used stories of the Trojan War to compose the Iliad and the Odyssey which was the first greatRead MoreA Brief Note On The World War II1900 Words   |  8 Pagesmass deaths of civilians, including the Holocaust and the strategic bombing of industrial and population centres, it resulted in an estimated 50 million to 85 million fatalities. These made World War II the deadliest conflict in human history. The Empire of Japan aimed to dominate Asia and the Pacific and was already at war with the Republic of China in 1937, but the world war is generally said to have begun on 1 September 1939 with the invasion of Poland by Germany and subsequent declarations ofRead MoreEssay Bismarck Claims The Credit For German Unification2255 Words   |  10 PagesBismarck Claims The Credit For German Unification In the early 19th Century, the growth of nationalism and the growing economic strength of the German states was very great. The Germans shared a common identity in the form of language race and heritage such as music, literature and poetry. The growing improvements in communications and transport also brought the states one step closer together. The reduction of the number of German states from 365 to 39 states madeRead MoreExplain the Collapse of the Weimar Republic in the Period Up to 19332088 Words   |  9 PagesExplain the collapse of the Weimar Republic in the period up to 1933 The collapse of the Weimar Republic and the subsequent takeover by Adolf Hitler in 1933 was influenced by a wide range of factors. Although the revolution of 1918 resulted in a drastic shift within the German political system, the same could not be said for the social structure, culture and old institutes of Germany. Famously acknowledged as a â€Å"republic born with a hole in its heart† the overturn of the Hohenzollern monarchy in

A home is an important investment Free Essays

A home is an important investment, and the prices reflect this all over the United States. In some states, finding the perfect house for your budget is more difficult than in other, and this has proven to be so in New Jersey. The purpose of this research was to find out the availability of good houses in New Jersey at prices that would be affordable a member of the lower-to-middle income families. We will write a custom essay sample on A home is an important investment or any similar topic only for you Order Now Specifically, a three or four bedroom two-storey house with two bathrooms, equipped with natural gas energy, a basement, separate dining and kitchen, and a large backyard. This proved to be rather difficult in Vineland, New Jersey as most houses of this description any where in the state exceed the $200,000 that is the budget for this project. To begin with, I calculated the amount of down-payment I was able to afford at $7000. Traditionally, down-payments have been 20% (Bruss), but I was able to find a bank that would offer 95% financing with private mortgage insurance (PMI). For a family of four seeking a house with three or four bedrooms and two bathrooms, even with no other parameters, finding one for under $200,000 was difficult. After searching several sites on the internet, newspaper, and calling real-estate agencies, the lowest price located was initially $310,000. Though the one of the lowest-priced on the market, this house did have central heating. It was more than ten years old, however, which was older than I had hoped. I chose the neighborhood Vineland because I sought an area with a good public school system at a location outside of the city. I also sought a place that had low property taxes, but that was difficult to find. The Newark Star-Ledger announced a â€Å"drastic increase in New Jersey property taxes,† declaring that the state has the highest property taxes in all of the United States, averaging $10,000 in 36 municipalities (Donohue). Therefore, finding a house with a reasonable tax rate was a virtual impossibility. These requirements proved to be a challenge since, according to The Daily Journal of Vineland, â€Å"Through the centuries, New Jersey has relied on property taxes to finance schools and local services† (Baldwin). This suggested that the better funded the school system, the higher the property tax would be. It was necessary to find a house of at least three bedrooms as there are two children in this family of four. The four-year-old needs a backyard to play in, preferably one with trees, and a septic tank would be too much to handle. Houses in the suburbs generally have trees in the backyard, (though there were none at that price). I did find a two-story house for that price with a backyard, basement, and three bedrooms, but not in Vineland, and it had only one bathroom (Foxtons). It also had an attractive property tax rate, but the sewer was septic and it was 50 years old. Further searching led to a very nice home in Vineland with all the required amenities, including separate formal living and dining rooms, city sewer, a garage. It also had a fireplace and four bedrooms. The well-funded and vibrant public school system was an added attraction (Vineland Public Schools). It was, however, 31-40 years old and being sold for $269,000. In addition, the property taxes were approximately two times as high as the $200,000 house and the average down-payment was $13,495. (Century 21). The research found that though many opportunities exist to purchase a nice home, one has to be willing to pursue a very diligent and detailed search. Though houses exist that fit the spectrum of buyers’ desires, it is necessary to have a reasonable sum at your disposal for spending on the house of your dreams. It was difficult to find a house that fit the description (three bedrooms, two bathrooms, separate kitchen and dining, basement, central heating, excellent public school system, under ten years old) for as low as $200,000. However, a few nice ones existed for little over $50,000 more. Although the perfect home is yet to be located, I am hopeful that all the possibilities have not yet been exhausted, as the search has brought me closer to my goal. Works Cited Baldwin, Tom. â€Å"Governor Did Little to Ease Property Tax Burden. † The Daily Journal. Vineland. 2004. Available: http://www. thedailyjournal. com/apps/pbcs. dll/ article? AID=/20041115/NEWS01/411150337/1002 Bruss, Robert J. â€Å"How to Buy Real Estate for Nothing Down. † Loans USA. 2004. Available: http://www. 1loansusa. com/articles/Articles06_11_04/news1. html Centruy 21. â€Å"Property Details: Vineland, NJ 08361. † Available: http://www. century21. com/buy/property_detail. aspx? teasers=property-detail- pic+Property+Detail+with+Picturestr_key=31891830bSite=NZip=08361 Donohue, Joe and Tom Hester. â€Å"Drastic Increase in New Jersey Property Taxes. † The (Newark) Star Ledger. 2005. Available: http://www. ire. org/extraextra/archives/000870. html. Foxtons. â€Å"New Brooklyn Road, Berlin† Camden. Available: http://www. thedailyjournal. com/apps/pbcs. dll/article? AID=/20041115/NEWS01/411150 337/1002 Vineland Public Schools. â€Å"Technology. † Author. Available: http://www. vineland. org/ technology/index. htm How to cite A home is an important investment, Papers

Radioisotopes in Medicine free essay sample

Radioisotopes in Medicine Nuclear medicine uses radiation to provide diagnostic information about the functioning of a persons specific organs, or to treat them. Diagnostic procedures are now routine. * Radiotherapy can be used to treat some medical conditions, especially cancer, using radiation to weaken or destroy particular targeted cells. * Tens of millions of nuclear medicine procedures are performed each year, and demand for radioisotopes is increasing rapidly. Nuclear Medicine This is a branch of medicine that uses  radiation  to provide information about the functioning of a persons specific organs or to treat disease. In most cases, the information is used by physicians to make a quick, accurate diagnosis of the patients illness. The thyroid, bones, heart, liver and many other organs can be easily imaged, and disorders in their function revealed. In some cases radiation can be used to treat diseased organs, or tumours. Five Nobel Laureates have been intimately involved with the use of radioactive tracers in medicine. We will write a custom essay sample on Radioisotopes in Medicine or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Over 10,000 hospitals worldwide use radioisotopes in medicine, and about 90% of the procedures are for diagnosis. The most common radioisotope used in diagnosis is technetium-99, with some 30 million procedures per year, accounting for 80% of all nuclear medicine procedures worldwide. In developed countries (26% of world population) the frequency of diagnostic nuclear medicine is 1. 9% per year, and the frequency of therapy with radioisotopes is about one tenth of this. In the USA there are some 18 million nuclear medicine procedures per year among 311 million people, and in Europe about 10 million among 500 million people. In Australia there are about 560,000 per year among 21 million people, 470,000 of these using reactor isotopes. The use of radiopharmaceuticals in diagnosis is growing at over 10% per year. Nuclear medicine was developed in the 1950s by physicians with an endocrine emphasis, initially using iodine-131 to diagnose and then treat thyroid disease. In recent years specialists have also come from radiology, as dual CT/PET procedures have become established. Computed X-ray tomography (CT) scans and nuclear medicine contribute 36% of the total radiation exposure and 75% of the medical exposure to the US population, according to a US National Council on Radiation Protection Measurements report in 2009. The report showed that Americans’ average total yearly radiation exposure had increased from 3. 6 millisievert to 6. 2 mSv per year since the early 1980s, due to medical-related procedures. (Industrial radiation exposure, including that from nuclear power plants, is less than 0. 1% of overall public radiation exposure. ) Diagnostic techniques in nuclear medicine Diagnostic techniques in nuclear medicine use radioactive tracers which emit gamma rays from within the body. These tracers are generally short-lived isotopes linked to chemical compounds which permit specific physiological processes to be scrutinised. They can be given by injection, inhalation or orally. The first type are where single photons are detected by a gamma camera which can view organs from many different angles. The camera builds up an image from the points from which radiation is emitted; this image is enhanced by a computer and viewed by a physician on a monitor for indications of abnormal conditions. A more recent development is  Positron Emission Tomography  (PET) which is a more precise and sophisticated technique using isotopes produced in a cyclotron. A positron-emitting radionuclide is introduced, usually by injection, and accumulates in the target tissue. As it decays it emits a positron, which promptly combines with a nearby electron resulting in the simultaneous emission of two identifiable gamma rays in opposite directions. These are detected by a PET camera and give very precise indication of their origin. PETs most important clinical role is in oncology, with fluorine-18 as the tracer, since it has proven to be the most accurate non-invasive method of detecting and evaluating most cancers. It is also well used in cardiac and brain imaging. New procedures combine PET with computed X-ray tomography (CT) scans to give co-registration of the two images(PETCT), enabling 30% better diagnosis than with traditional gamma camera alone. It is a very powerful and significant tool which provides unique information on a wide variety of diseases from dementia to cardiovascular disease and cancer (oncology). Positioning of the radiation source within the body makes the fundamental difference between nuclear medicine imaging and other imaging techniques such as x-rays. Gamma imaging by either method described provides a view of the position and concentration of the radioisotope within the body. Organ malfunction can be indicated if the isotope is either partially taken up in the organ (cold spot), or taken up in excess (hot spot). If a series of images is taken over a period of time, an unusual pattern or rate of isotope movement could indicate malfunction in the organ. A distinct advantage of nuclear imaging over x-ray techniques is that both bone and soft tissue can be imaged very successfully.